Nuqui history

Foundation and First Mentions

The official founding date of the municipality of Nuqui is considered to be December 18, 1917. It is a relatively young settlement on the map of the Chocó Department. Juanico Ibargüen is named as the initiator of the city's creation and its first leader; together with a group of settlers, he chose this territory for permanent residence, recognising its strategic potential.

Key Development Factors

The development of the city was predetermined by its unique location on the Pacific coast, for which Colombia is famous. The establishment of the settlement depended on several key factors:

• Geographical Isolation: The city is surrounded by impenetrable jungles on one side and the ocean on the other, making sea and river routes the main arteries of life.
• Access to Water: Its location at the river mouths allowed for the establishment of basic logistics and communication with neighbouring communities.
• Natural Resources: An abundance of fish and fertile soil in the river deltas facilitated the rapid settlement of people on this land.

Early Cultural and Economic Features

The cultural identity of the region was formed through a close intertwining of the traditions of indigenous peoples (specifically the Emberá tribes) and the Afro-Colombian population. The early economy was based on barter and the use of nature's gifts:

• Fishing: Artisanal fishing was and remains the foundation of survival and the local economy.
• Agriculture: The cultivation of coconuts, bananas, and rice on small plots reclaimed from the jungle.
• Foraging: Utilising resources from the tropical rainforest for building homes and crafting household items.

Major Historical Milestones

• December 18, 1917: The official founding date of the settlement of Nuqui, initiated by the settler leader Juanico Ibargüen.
• 1947: The territory became part of the newly formed Chocó Department, which strengthened the city's administrative status within the state of Colombia.
• 1987: Utría National Natural Park was created near the city, serving as a starting point for the protection of the region's unique ecosystem.
• 1990s: A gradual transition began from an exclusively fishing-based economy to the development of infrastructure for welcoming travellers.
• 2008: The region began hosting the annual "Migration Festival," dedicated to the arrival season of humpback whales to the Pacific coast.
• 2010s: Modernisation of the local Reyes Murillo Airport was carried out, significantly improving transport accessibility to the resort.
• 2017: The city ceremoniously celebrated its centennial, demonstrating the richness of its preserved cultural traditions.

The history of the development of Nuqui is a journey from an isolated fishing village to a world-renowned destination for eco-tourism. The key transformations of the city are linked to overcoming geographical isolation and rethinking the region's natural wealth.

• Official Establishment of the Municipality: Obtaining administrative status allowed for the formation of local government bodies and the organisation of the urban structure, turning a chaotic settlement into an organised district centre.
• Opening of Reyes Murillo Airport: The launch of regular air services became the main driver of economic change. An air bridge connected the coast with major cities in Colombia, opening the way for a flow of travellers and vital cargo.
• Organisation of Utría National Park: This event radically changed the economic approach. Instead of uncontrolled resource exploitation, nature conservation became the priority, attracting the attention of the international scientific and tourism community.
• Modernisation of Marine Infrastructure: The development of moorings in the Tribugá Gulf strengthened trade ties with neighbouring departments and allowed for the reception of larger vessels, which is critically important for supplying this remote region.
• Digitalisation and Connectivity: The arrival of modern telecommunications in the 2000s allowed local entrepreneurs to enter the global market, offering booking services and excursions directly to tourists from around the world.
• Cultural Integration through Tourism: Hosting thematic festivals dedicated to whale migration and local gastronomy contributed to the revival and popularisation of Afro-Colombian and indigenous traditions, making the unique culture an important part of the tourism brand.

Architectural Appearance and Environmental Influence

The architecture of the municipality of Nuqui is a vivid example of human adaptation to the challenging conditions of the humid tropics. You will not find pompous Baroque palaces or Gothic cathedrals here. The city's appearance is dictated by the necessity of survival in conditions of high humidity, regular tides, and proximity to the jungle. Urban planning developed organically, following the curves of the rivers and the coastline.

Traditional Architecture: The Era of Wood

Historically, the main style of the region is Pacific vernacular architecture. Until the end of the 20th century, the vast majority of structures were built from natural materials, reflecting the close connection of the residents with the environment.

• Stilt Houses (Palafitos): The most recognisable feature of historical development. Buildings are raised above the ground on wooden pillars to protect the home from floods, ocean tides, and soil dampness.
• Structural Features: Characterised by high pitched roofs for rapid drainage of tropical rains and wide open verandas that ensure natural ventilation in the hot climate.
• Materials: Traditionally, durable wood species from local forests were used, and roofs were covered with palm leaves, which were later replaced by zinc sheets.

Modern Development: Transition to Concrete

In recent decades, Colombia has been actively modernising the infrastructure of remote regions, which has also changed the architectural landscape of the coast. The modern stage is characterised by a mix of traditions and a utilitarian approach.

• Simple Functionalism: Administrative buildings, schools, and new hotels are increasingly built from brick and concrete. This style is devoid of excess and aims for durability and protection against the humid climate.
• City Centre: The main stone buildings are concentrated around the main square. The local Catholic church stands out here—a modest but important building for the community, serving as the visual dominant feature of the centre.
• Infrastructure Facilities: The airport building and the sea pier have become new points of attraction, around which a modern commercial zone oriented towards receiving tourists is forming.

Distinguished Personalities of the Region

The history and culture of the municipality of Nuqui are inextricably linked with the names of people who contributed to its foundation, development, and promotion. From pioneers to modern public figures, these individuals have shaped the unique character of this corner of Colombia.

• Juanico Ibargüen — Founder of the settlement and pioneer.
  A key historical figure of the early 20th century. It was he who led the group of first settlers who, in 1917, chose a strategically important place at the river mouth to found a permanent settlement, marking the beginning of the city's official history.
• Josefina Klinger Zúñiga — Social leader and environmentalist.
  A native of the city who has received international recognition (including a CNN Hero nomination) for her work leading the "Mano Cambiada" organisation. She revolutionised the approach to tourism in the region, turning it into a tool for nature conservation and support for local communities.
• Reyes Murillo — Pilot and aviation pioneer.
  A legendary pilot whose name the local airport bears. His courageous flights over the impenetrable jungles of Chocó established regular communication between the isolated coast and the central part of the country, which became a crucial stage in the region's economic development.
• Fausto (Luis Javier Piedrahita) — Singer and cultural ambassador.
  A famous Colombian ballad singer who, while at the peak of his popularity, chose this city as his home. Having lived here for many years, he contributed to popularising the resort as a place for spiritual peace and creativity.
• Zully Murillo — Keeper of traditions and singer.
  An outstanding representative of Pacific coast folklore. Her art and activities in preserving musical heritage play a central role in the region's cultural festivals, including during the famous whale season.