How to get to Orumiyeh

Urmia is a colourful historical city in northwestern Iran, attracting travellers with its rich cultural heritage and proximity to the famous salt lake. If you are planning a trip to Urmia, a developed transport network is at your service, allowing you to arrive by plane, train, or intercity bus. Figuring out how to get to this interesting destination will be easy, regardless of the mode of transport you prefer for your journey.

The fastest way to reach the city is to take a flight to Urmia Airport (OMH). This aviation hub receives aircraft from the capital and other major centres of the country, ensuring stable air connections with the region. The terminal is located close to the city limits, making the trip to your accommodation short and hassle-free.

If direct tickets are unavailable, travellers often choose to fly to Tabriz, located approximately 120 kilometres to the east. This city's airport serves more destinations and can be a convenient alternative. Another option is the airport in the city of Yüksekova, which is geographically even closer but requires crossing the state border when planning the route.

Travelling by rail is a convenient and atmospheric option for those who want to enjoy views of the country. In 2018, Urmia saw the long-awaited opening of its own railway station, which connected the city to the national network. Now tourists can get here on direct services, bypassing the need for transfers in neighbouring provinces.

The main trains arrive from the capital, Tehran, and other major cities. The route passes through picturesque mountain and plain landscapes, making the journey part of the tourist experience. Previously, travellers had to go to the station in the city of Tabriz, but with the launch of the new line, logistics have become significantly simpler and more comfortable.

Bus service is one of the most scenic and affordable ways to get to the region, especially if you are heading from neighbouring Tabriz. The trip along this popular route takes only about two hours, and the distance of 145 kilometres flies by unnoticed thanks to the drive along the famous causeway across Lake Urmia. Regular services depart from main terminals several times a day, ensuring a stable and comfortable transfer for locals and tourists.

For travellers planning a visit from abroad, a convenient starting point would be the Turkish city of Yüksekova, located approximately a 3–4 hour drive away (about 130 kilometres), taking border crossing time into account. Routes from Erbil in Iraq are also in demand: buses cover a beautiful mountain path about 200 kilometres long in approximately 5 hours, linking neighbouring regions with a reliable transport corridor.

Travelling by car will give you freedom of movement and the opportunity to enjoy the unique landscapes of the region. The most popular and scenic route runs from Tabriz: the road, about 145 kilometres long, will take just over two hours and guide you along the famous causeway across Lake Urmia. This is a great way to quickly get to the city while watching the changing colours of the salt expanses.

For those planning a trip from neighbouring countries, the Turkish city of Yüksekova is a convenient starting point, located just 95 kilometres away, which is about an hour and a half drive excluding border formalities. A route from Erbil, Iraq, is also available: you will have to cover about 314 kilometres in 5–6 hours, driving through impressive mountain passes. Finding a taxi on these directions is not difficult, but it is better to agree on the cost of the trip with the driver in advance.

Preparing for your trip to Urmia will help make your journey as comfortable and carefree as possible. We have compiled a list of practical recommendations that will allow you to easily adapt to local customs and enjoy the hospitality of Iran.

1. Clothing and Dress Code: As with the rest of the country, specific rules apply here: women must wear a headscarf and loose clothing that covers the hips, while men should not wear shorts. Keep in mind that winters in the region can be cold and snowy, so warm jackets are mandatory, whereas in summer, lightweight natural fabrics are preferable.
2. Transport: To get around the city, it is most convenient to use taxis, which are quite inexpensive here. It is recommended to install local ride-hailing apps (similar to Uber) to avoid language barriers when explaining addresses and to see a fixed price for the trip immediately.
3. Finances: International bank cards (Visa, Mastercard) do not work in the country. Be sure to bring cash (US Dollars or Euros) and exchange it for local Rials at official exchange offices ("Sarafi"). Be attentive: in spoken language, prices are often quoted in "Tomans" (1 Toman = 10 Rials), so always clarify this when paying.
4. Health and Hygiene: Tap water in the city is considered clean, but it is better for tourists to buy bottled water for drinking to avoid acclimatisation issues. Pharmacies are well-stocked, but if you take specific medications, it is better to bring them with you.
5. Communication: The official language is Persian (Farsi), but in Urmia, the majority of the population speaks the Azerbaijani language. Not everyone knows English, especially outside of hotels, so download an offline translator or learn a few basic phrases for greetings and gratitude.
6. Local Etiquette: Iranians are famous for their hospitality and the system of politeness known as "Taarof." If you are offered something for free (an item in a shop, a taxi ride), it is customary to politely refuse at first. If the offer is repeated insistently, then you may accept. Handshakes between men and women who are not related are not customary.
7. What to Avoid: It is strictly forbidden to photograph government buildings, military facilities, and police posts. Also, refrain from public displays of affection (kissing and hugging) on the streets. Alcohol is strictly prohibited in the country.
8. Gastronomic Souvenir: Be sure to try and buy "noghl" — a traditional sweet of Urmia. These are almonds or pistachios in a sugar glaze with the addition of rose water or saffron, which locals eat alongside tea instead of sugar.

Following these simple rules will help you avoid awkward situations and show respect for the local culture. Urmia is a friendly and peaceful city that will give you plenty of vivid impressions if you are open to new traditions.