Christchurch

Welcome to Christchurch, the largest city in the South Island of New Zealand. Often referred to as the "Garden City," it is renowned for its lush landscapes, English heritage, and a vibrant urban atmosphere that perfectly blends the old with the new. Whether you are starting a road trip across the island or looking for a city break filled with culture and nature, Christchurch offers a welcoming and resilient spirit that captivates every visitor.

Located in the Canterbury region on the east coast, the city is home to approximately 383,200 people. Its geography is defined by the sweeping Canterbury Plains to the west and the volcanic Port Hills to the south, providing a stunning backdrop to daily life. The climate is generally temperate and dry, making it a pleasant destination year-round, though visitors should be prepared for the occasional crisp southerly wind.

The history of Christchurch is a compelling narrative of exploration, settlement, and remarkable resilience. While the city respects its past with restored heritage buildings, it has also embraced modern innovation, particularly following the earthquakes of the early 2010s. This transformation has created a dynamic cityscape where street art and contemporary architecture stand alongside historic stone structures.

Visitors are spoiled for choice when it comes to attractions. A quintessential Christchurch experience is punting on the Avon River, where you can glide gently through the city center on a flat-bottomed boat. The Christchurch Botanic Gardens are a must-see, offering acres of exotic and native plants that justify the city's floral nickname. For those seeking unique architecture, the Transitional Cathedral, often called the "Cardboard Cathedral," stands as a symbol of the city's creativity and hope.

With its thriving arts scene, emerging hospitality sector, and proximity to outdoor adventures like hiking in the Port Hills or skiing in the Southern Alps, Christchurch is a diverse destination. We invite you to explore its streets, relax in its parks, and discover the unique charm of this evolving city.

Christchurch enjoys a temperate climate with distinct seasonal changes, making it a destination that offers different experiences throughout the year. The summer months, spanning from December to February, are the warmest time to visit; January typically sees average temperatures of 18.5°C, with daily highs often reaching 23.3°C. In contrast, the winter season from June to August brings cooler conditions, where the average temperature in July drops to around 7.2°C and nighttime lows can dip to 3.5°C.

Rainfall is distributed fairly evenly across the calendar, with the number of wet days usually fluctuating between 7 and 11 per month. Expect warm summers with occasional rain and cold, relatively dry winters perfect for crisp walks. For a more detailed breakdown of what to expect during your stay, you can view the current weather in Christchurch.

• Christchurch is one of only five official "gateway cities" to Antarctica globally. Due to its geographical position, it serves as a major logistical base for international Antarctic programs, meaning the city has a deep and historic connection to polar exploration that continues to this day.

• For over two decades, the city had an officially appointed Wizard. This unique local character, known as the Wizard of New Zealand, was a staple in Cathedral Square, where he would entertain crowds with his orations, eventually becoming a recognized cultural icon.

• The city is home to the world's only Cardboard Cathedral. Built as a transitional place of worship, this architectural marvel utilizes 86 cardboard tubes in its construction, standing as a testament to innovation and resilience.

• Scientific history was made here by Ernest Rutherford, the "father of nuclear physics." He conducted his early studies at the site that is now The Arts Centre Te Matatiki Toi Ora, and you can still explore the legacy of his work within these historic walls.

Reaching the South Island's largest city is convenient, with excellent air connections and scenic land routes available. Whether you are arriving directly from overseas or travelling domestically, the city serves as a major transport hub. You can find detailed information about all ways to reach the city on our dedicated page.

The most direct way to arrive is via Christchurch International Airport (IATA: CHC). Located within Christchurch itself, this busy international hub is just 9.7 km from the city center. It handles a large volume of passengers annually, connecting the region to the world. A taxi or shuttle ride from the airport to the downtown area typically takes around 35 minutes, making it a quick and easy transfer.

If you are exploring the wider region, you might arrive at other airports, though they are significantly further away. Hokitika Airport (IATA: HKK) is located in the town of Hokitika, approximately 162 km from Christchurch. The drive from there involves crossing the Southern Alps and takes roughly 4.5 hours. Another option is Nelson Airport (IATA: NSN) in Nelson, which is about 253 km away; traveling to Christchurch from here would require a long drive of nearly 7 hours.

For clarity, here is a summary of the main airports:

While specific commuter rail data is not listed, Christchurch is a key destination for rail enthusiasts. The city is the eastern terminus for the famous TranzAlpine train, which runs between Christchurch and Greymouth. Arriving by train offers a spectacular journey through the Southern Alps, with the main station located in the suburb of Addington, a short distance from the central city.

Christchurch offers a diverse array of experiences, from tranquil green spaces to vibrant cultural hubs. The city's compact center makes it easy to explore many of its highlights on foot or via its historic transport options. Whether you are interested in history, art, or nature, these key attractions provide a perfect introduction to the city's unique character.

A visit to the Garden City would not be complete without exploring the Christchurch Botanic Gardens. Located in the heart of the city and enveloped by the looping Avon River, this sprawling green oasis is a haven for nature lovers. Established in 1863, the gardens feature an impressive collection of exotic and native plants, a fragrant rose garden, and majestic heritage trees. It is the perfect spot for a leisurely walk, a picnic, or simply escaping the urban bustle while admiring the seasonal blooms.

For a charming and nostalgic way to see the sights, hop aboard the Christchurch Tram. These beautifully restored heritage trams rattle through the city center, offering a unique hop-on hop-off experience. Friendly drivers provide entertaining and informative live commentary about the city's history and landmarks as you pass by. It is an ideal way to get your bearings and visit key locations like New Regent Street and Cathedral Junction without the fatigue of walking.

Art enthusiasts will find inspiration at the Christchurch Art Gallery Te Puna o Waiwhetū. As the largest art institution in the South Island, its striking modern glass facade is an attraction in itself. Inside, visitors can explore a dynamic range of national and international exhibitions, as well as significant collections of New Zealand art. The gallery serves as a cultural focal point, regularly hosting events and offering a creative space that reflects the city's artistic spirit.

To gain a deeper understanding of the region's heritage, the Canterbury Museum is a must-visit destination. Housed in a stunning historic building near the Botanic Gardens, the museum showcases a vast array of treasures, from Māori taonga (treasures) to natural history exhibits. It is also renowned for its Antarctic collection, highlighting Christchurch's role as a gateway to the frozen continent, making it fascinating for explorers of all ages.

Finally, Quake City offers a poignant and educational look at the seismic events that have shaped modern Christchurch. This special exhibition coordinated by the Canterbury Museum tells stories of heroism and hope through personal accounts and artifacts. It also explains the science behind the earthquakes, providing tourists with a respectful and informative perspective on the city's resilience and ongoing regeneration.

Christchurch is often described as the "pantry of the South Island," thanks to its location bordering the fertile Canterbury Plains and the Pacific Ocean. The city's culinary scene is defined by an abundance of fresh, locally sourced ingredients, ranging from succulent meats to fresh seafood. For any visitor, tasting the famous Canterbury lamb is a mandatory experience; it is celebrated worldwide for its tenderness and flavor, typically served roasted with seasonal vegetables.

Seafood lovers should look out for whitebait fritters, a cherished New Zealand delicacy often available during the spring season. Another local staple is the classic savory meat pie. While humble, the pies here are taken seriously, with gourmet bakeries offering flaky pastries filled with steak and cheese, mince, or even venison. It is the perfect on-the-go lunch while exploring the city streets.

The city also boasts a sophisticated drinking culture. Christchurch is considered by many to be the craft beer capital of New Zealand, with numerous microbreweries and taprooms scattered throughout the suburbs. A fantastic place to sample local ales is Pomeroy's Old Brewery Inn, a historic pub that offers a cozy atmosphere and an extensive selection of beers. If you prefer a more modern setting, Moon Under Water is another excellent spot to enjoy a pint of craft brew.

Coffee culture is deeply ingrained in the local lifestyle, so be sure to start your day with a Flat White, the nation's signature coffee drink. For evening drinks, the city offers stylish venues like The Last Word, known for its impressive whisky collection and intimate vibe. Wine enthusiasts are also well catered for, with the Waipara Valley wine region just a short drive away, influencing the excellent wine lists found in city restaurants.

When it comes to dining precincts, the beautiful Spanish Mission-style architecture of Regent Street Christchurch (New Regent Street) creates a stunning backdrop for a meal. This pedestrian-only street is lined with boutique cafes, bars, and restaurants, making it a popular hub for both locals and tourists to dine al fresco. For those seeking hearty, flavor-packed comfort food, Smokey T's has gained a cult following for its mouth-watering barbecue and meats.

Beyond sit-down restaurants, the food scene is vibrant and accessible. The Riverside Market in the city center is a must-visit indoor market where you can browse stalls selling artisanal cheeses, baked goods, and international street food. Whether you are looking for fine dining or a quick bite from a food truck, Christchurch offers a diverse gastronomic landscape that reflects its creative and resilient spirit.

To ensure your visit to the "Garden City" is as smooth and enjoyable as possible, we have compiled a list of essential practical advice. From navigating the local weather patterns to understanding the relaxed Kiwi lifestyle, these tips will help you explore Christchurch with the confidence of a local.

1. Dress for "Four Seasons in One Day": The weather in Canterbury can change rapidly, so the best strategy is to wear layers. Even in summer, a warm southerly breeze can drop temperatures quickly, so always carry a light jacket or sweater. Comfortable walking shoes are essential for exploring the flat city center and the Port Hills. Also, bring a Type I power adapter (three flat pins) for your electronics.

2. Getting Around Efficiently: Public transport is reliable and easy to use. The Metro bus network covers the city and suburbs extensively; if you plan to stay for a few days, buy a Metrocard from the Bus Interchange or participating agents to save significantly on fares. For short distances within the CBD, walking is often the best option. Ride-hailing apps like Uber are widely available, and while renting a car is great for day trips to Akaroa or the Southern Alps, it is not strictly necessary for exploring the city center itself.

3. Managing Your Finances: The local currency is the New Zealand Dollar (NZD). Credit and debit cards (Visa and Mastercard) are accepted almost everywhere, including small cafes and market stalls, often via contactless payment (PayWave). Tipping is not mandatory or expected in New Zealand, though rounding up the bill or leaving a small amount for exceptional service is appreciated. It is wise to carry a small amount of cash for weekend markets.

4. Sun Safety and Health: The sun in New Zealand is incredibly strong due to lower ozone levels, meaning burn times can be as short as 10 minutes even on cloudy days. High SPF sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat are non-negotiable health essentials here. Pharmacies (often called "Chemists") are readily available for minor ailments, and the emergency number for police, fire, or ambulance is 111.

5. Staying Connected: English is the primary language, but you will frequently hear and see Te Reo Māori (the Māori language). A friendly "Kia ora" (hello) is a common greeting. Free Wi-Fi is available in the central city (ChristchurchFree) and at public libraries. For mobile data, you can easily purchase a SIM card from providers like Spark, One NZ, or 2degrees at the airport or local supermarkets.

6. Local Etiquette: Kiwis are known for being friendly and casual. It is polite to greet bus drivers and shop staff. When walking on footpaths or using escalators, the general rule is to keep left to allow others to pass. If you are visiting a Marae or a culturally significant site, always ask about specific protocols, such as removing your shoes or not taking photos.

7. What to Avoid: Do not litter. Christchurch residents take great pride in their environment and the "Clean, Green" image of the country. Additionally, avoid talking loudly or being pushy in queues; the local pace is relaxed, and patience is valued. Be mindful not to leave valuables visible in parked cars, especially at trailheads or scenic lookouts.

8. Shopping Hours Insight: Unlike some global cities, retail shops in Christchurch typically close around 5:00 PM or 6:00 PM on weekdays and weekends. If you need to do shopping, plan to go earlier in the day. However, major supermarkets and some large shopping malls have late nights (usually Thursdays or Fridays) where they stay open until 9:00 PM.

By keeping these practical tips in mind, you will be well-prepared to embrace the unique charm and laid-back atmosphere of Christchurch. We hope your stay is filled with memorable experiences, safe travels, and plenty of sunny days in this beautiful corner of the world.

Christchurch has undergone a remarkable transformation in recent years, evolving into a vibrant hub for evening entertainment. As the sun sets, the city's energy shifts from its relaxed garden atmosphere to a lively urban buzz. The nightlife scene here is diverse, centered around revitalized precincts that offer everything from sophisticated cocktail lounges and craft beer bars to energetic dance clubs, catering to a mix of locals and visitors.

The heart of the action is undoubtedly The Terrace, a riverside hospitality precinct located along Oxford Terrace. This pedestrian-friendly strip is lined with bars and restaurants that spill out onto the pavement, creating a bustling social atmosphere, especially on Friday and Saturday nights. Just a short walk away, Victoria Street offers a slightly more upmarket vibe, known for its chic bars and late-night dining options. For a unique architectural setting, the Spanish Mission-style New Regent Street remains a favorite for a quieter, more intimate evening drink amidst heritage surroundings.

For those seeking a comprehensive entertainment experience, the Christchurch Casino is a premier destination. Located on Victoria Street, it is not just about gaming; the venue hosts several bars and restaurants, often featuring live sports screenings and events. It is a popular spot for late-night entertainment, maintaining a lively crowd well into the early hours.

If you prefer a more laid-back environment to enjoy a drink and conversation, Astro Lounge is a well-regarded venue. Known for its friendly service and relaxed setting, it is an excellent choice for starting your night or winding down after dinner. Music lovers should check the schedule for the Christchurch Arena, the city's largest indoor venue, which regularly attracts major international concerts, sporting events, and large-scale shows.

When planning your night out, keep in mind that the dress code in Christchurch is generally "smart casual." While some exclusive clubs on Victoria Street might require dressier attire, most bars and pubs are welcoming and relaxed. The nightlife typically peaks between 10:00 PM and 1:00 AM. In terms of prices, a pint of beer or a glass of wine usually costs between 10 and 15 NZD, while cocktails range from 18 to 25 NZD.

Safety is a priority in the city, and the central hospitality precincts are well-lit and generally safe for walking. However, as in any city, it is advisable to stay in populated areas late at night. Public transport options like buses become less frequent after midnight, so ride-sharing apps like Uber or local taxi companies are the most convenient and safe way to get back to your accommodation.

Beyond the bars and clubs, Christchurch offers a rich cultural tapestry during the day and early evening. The city is home to the beautifully restored Isaac Theatre Royal, which hosts plays, musicals, and ballets. Additionally, many of the city's galleries and the Arts Centre occasionally host evening talks or exhibitions, providing a perfect cultural prelude to a night on the town.

Christchurch is celebrated not just for its resilience but for its dedication to preserving nature and heritage. The city’s reputation as the "Garden City" is well-earned, with vast green belts and meticulously maintained parks providing a serene counterpoint to its vibrant urban culture. Beyond the foliage, a wealth of museums and historical sites stand as custodians of the region's stories, from early settlement to modern-day artistic expression.

Dominating the central city map is Hagley Park North, a massive recreational area that serves as the city's backyard. Covering over 160 hectares, this sprawling park is a hub for outdoor activities, featuring sports fields, walking paths, and majestic woodlands. It is separated from its southern counterpart by Riccarton Avenue and is a favorite spot for locals to jog, cycle, or enjoy large-scale events and festivals throughout the year.

For a more manicured and historic garden experience, Mona Vale offers a picturesque escape. Located in the suburb of Fendalton, this late-Victorian homestead is surrounded by beautifully landscaped gardens that slope gently down to the Avon River. Visitors can wander through the rose garden, admire the fernery, or simply relax by the water's edge. The setting is distinctively English in style and provides a romantic backdrop often used for weddings and garden parties.

A unique blend of natural and architectural history can be found at Riccarton House and Bush. This site features a grand 19th-century homestead that offers a glimpse into the lives of early settlers, but the real treasure lies behind it. The property protects the last remaining area of ancient podocarp forest in Christchurch, where towering kahikatea trees—some up to 600 years old—create a prehistoric atmosphere right in the middle of the suburbs. It is a fascinating place to see what the Canterbury Plains looked like before human habitation.

In terms of culture and heritage, The Arts Centre Te Matatiki Toi Ora is an architectural jewel. Housed in the Gothic Revival buildings of the former University of Canterbury, this precinct is a thriving hub for creativity. Visitors can explore galleries, boutique shops, and artisan studios set within stone cloisters and quadrangles. It is a place where history meets contemporary art, offering everything from independent cinemas to local craft markets.

A more somber but essential cultural landmark is the Canterbury Earthquake National Memorial (Oi Manawa). Located along the banks of the Avon River, this memorial pays tribute to those who lost their lives in the 2011 earthquake. The design features a curved marble wall inscribed with the names of the victims, providing a peaceful space for reflection and remembrance amidst the city's ongoing regeneration.

Walking through the city center, you will encounter the majestic Bridge of Remembrance. This stone archway serves as a memorial to those who served in the two World Wars and other conflicts. It acts as a pedestrian gateway between the bustling shopping district and the quieter riverside precincts, standing as a poignant reminder of the past. Nearby, Cathedral Square remains the historic heart of the city, a gathering place surrounded by significant buildings that tell the story of Christchurch's evolution.

For an insider tip, consider taking a walk along the Port Hills tracks if you have extra time. While the city parks are flat and accessible, the hills offer panoramic views over the harbor and the Southern Alps, providing a completely different perspective on the Canterbury landscape.

Public transport in Christchurch is primarily based on an extensive and reliable bus network, marketed under the name Metro. Unlike some larger global cities, there is no underground subway or commuter train system for inner-city travel. The bus fleet connects the central business district with the suburbs and outlying areas, making it the most practical way for visitors to navigate the city without a car. The network is designed with color-coded lines, such as the Orbiter, which circles the city without entering the center, and high-frequency routes that connect key destinations.

For tourists, the Metrocard is the most convenient and cost-effective way to pay for travel. While you can pay with cash on the bus, using a Metrocard provides a significant discount on fares—often saving you at least 25% compared to the cash price. The card also offers daily and weekly fare caps, meaning once you reach a certain spend limit, all subsequent trips that day or week are free. You can purchase a Metrocard for a small fee at the Bus Interchange in the city center, at participating libraries, or at selected retail agents.

If you prefer not to buy a card, cash is accepted directly by the driver, but you must have small change available. Fares are calculated based on zones, with Zone 1 covering the entire city area and Zone 2 extending to outlying towns like Lincoln and Rangiora. Transfers are free within a two-hour window if you use a Metrocard, allowing you to hop between buses without paying extra.

A unique feature of the city's transport landscape is the Christchurch Tram. While it functions more as a heritage attraction than a rapid transit solution, it is a delightful way to travel around the inner city. These beautifully restored electric trams run on a loop through the central district, stopping at major landmarks. Tickets are valid for the whole day, allowing you to hop on and off as you please, and the drivers provide informative commentary about the passing sights.

Transport services generally operate from early morning, around 6:00 AM, until late in the evening, with reduced frequency on weekends and public holidays. The central Bus Interchange is the main hub where most city routes converge, featuring indoor waiting areas and digital timetables. For real-time planning, it is highly recommended to use the official Metro website or navigation apps to check schedules, as bus frequencies can vary depending on the route.

Beyond buses, Christchurch is exceptionally known for being a cycle-friendly city due to its flat terrain. Bike rentals are widely available, and there is a growing network of dedicated cycle lanes that make riding safe and enjoyable. For shorter trips, electric scooters from companies like Lime and Beam are dotted around the sidewalks and can be unlocked via a smartphone app. Taxis and ride-sharing services like Uber are also plentiful and can be a convenient option for late-night travel or direct airport transfers.

Christchurch offers a diverse range of accommodation options to suit every budget and travel style, reflecting its status as a welcoming gateway to the South Island. Visitors can choose from luxury hotels in the heart of the city, stylish serviced apartments, and charming bed and breakfasts located in quiet suburbs. For those on a road trip, the city is well-served by high-quality motels, particularly along the main avenues leading into the center. Backpackers and budget travelers will also find a good selection of modern hostels that provide a social and affordable base for exploring.

When choosing where to stay, the Central Business District (CBD) is the most convenient option for those who want to be within walking distance of major sights like the Botanic Gardens and the riverside hospitality precincts. Staying here means you are close to the main transport hub and a variety of dining options. Alternatively, the suburb of Riccarton is popular for its proximity to Hagley Park and its abundance of motels, making it a practical choice for families or those with a vehicle. For a more upscale and boutique experience, the neighborhood of Merivale offers stylish lodgings near designer shops and cafes.

For a truly unique stay, you might consider the Jailhouse Accommodation. Located in the suburb of Addington, this award-winning hostel is set within a restored historic prison building. It offers guests the chance to sleep in converted cells that have been transformed into comfortable rooms, blending fascinating history with modern backpacker facilities. It stands out as one of the quirkier places to stay in the country, providing a memorable experience beyond just a bed for the night.

The cost of accommodation in Christchurch is generally reasonable compared to other major tourist cities. Budget hostel beds typically range from 30 to 50 NZD per night, while mid-range motel units or hotel rooms usually cost between 150 and 250 NZD. Luxury stays can exceed 350 NZD. Most places can be booked easily via major online platforms or directly through their websites.

Booking Tip: Christchurch is a year-round destination, but accommodation can fill up quickly during the peak summer season (December to February) and when major events or conferences are held in the city. It is highly advisable to book your stay at least a few weeks in advance during these times to secure your preferred location and price.

For those looking to explore the surroundings, Christchurch serves as an excellent base for day trips to several interesting nearby locations:

One of the most popular day trips is to the charming township of Akaroa, located on the Banks Peninsula approximately 80 kilometers from the city. This historic settlement is unique for its French heritage, which is reflected in its colonial architecture and street names. Visitors can enjoy harbor cruises to spot the rare Hector's dolphins, explore boutique shops, or dine at waterfront cafes offering French-inspired cuisine. The drive itself is spectacular, offering panoramic views of the ancient volcanic harbor.

For a relaxing escape, Hanmer Springs is a favorite destination situated inland towards the Southern Alps. Famous for its thermal hot pools and spa facilities, it offers a perfect setting to unwind surrounded by mountains and forests. Adventure seekers can also find plenty to do, from jet boating and bungy jumping to forest hikes. It is a quintessential alpine village experience that contrasts beautifully with the coastal vibe of Christchurch.

Heading south, the city of Timaru offers a mix of Victorian and Edwardian architecture and coastal beauty. A highlight is Caroline Bay, a popular sandy beach with a boardwalk and safe swimming areas. In the evenings, you might even spot the local colony of little blue penguins coming ashore. It is a substantial regional hub that provides a glimpse into the relaxed pace of South Canterbury life.

These nearby destinations offer a glimpse into the diverse culture and landscapes of the region.

Shopping in Christchurch is a delightful mix of contemporary retail precincts, boutique heritage stores, and vibrant local markets. As the city has rebuilt, it has created modern, pedestrian-friendly spaces that make browsing a pleasure. Whether you are looking for high-end international fashion, unique Kiwi designs, or handcrafted gifts, the city offers a diverse range of options set against a backdrop of innovative architecture and restored historic buildings.

For a premier high-street experience, head to the heart of the city around Cashel Street and The Crossing. This pedestrian mall is the retail center of the CBD, featuring major fashion brands and department stores. Just a short walk away, you will find the beautiful Regent Street Christchurch. Often described as the most beautiful street in New Zealand, this Spanish Mission-style lane is home to independent boutiques, jewelry shops, and cozy cafes, offering a more intimate and atmospheric shopping experience.

If you prefer an indoor experience with plenty of character, The Tannery is a must-visit destination. Located in the suburb of Woolston, this Victorian-era industrial precinct has been transformed into a stunning boutique shopping emporium. Beneath its iron arches and stained glass, you will find an array of artisan shops selling everything from vintage clothing and books to high-quality fabrics and homewares. For a more conventional large-scale shopping trip, Westfield Riccarton is the largest mall in the South Island, housing a vast selection of mainstream retailers.

Markets are an integral part of the local lifestyle. The Riverside Market in the city center is a bustling indoor venue operating seven days a week, perfect for fresh produce and local gourmet treats. On Saturday mornings, the Christchurch Farmers' Market held at Riccarton House and Bush is a local institution. Set under ancient trees by the river, it is the ideal place to buy artisan breads, cheeses, and seasonal fruits directly from Canterbury growers.

When looking for souvenirs to take home, keep an eye out for products made from New Zealand merino wool, which is renowned for its softness and warmth. Greenstone (pounamu) jewelry is another culturally significant and beautiful keepsake, often carved into traditional Māori designs. Manuka honey and skincare products are also popular choices, along with locally made arts and crafts found in the smaller galleries and the Arts Centre.

Standard shopping hours in the city are typically from 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM on weekdays and weekends, though smaller boutiques may have shorter hours on Sundays. Payment is easy, with credit and debit cards widely accepted everywhere, including at market stalls. Visitors should note that New Zealand does not have a tax refund scheme for goods purchased in high street stores; the price you see includes the 15% Goods and Services Tax (GST). Duty-free shopping is available only at international airports upon departure or arrival.