How to get to Nakhchivan

Ancient and distinctive Nakhchivan is a true pearl of the East, hidden among majestic mountains and picturesque valleys. As one of the oldest cultural centres of Azerbaijan, this city attracts travellers with its impeccable cleanliness, unique architectural monuments, and a special atmosphere of tranquillity. Here, you can view legendary mausoleums, stroll through well-maintained streets, and experience the sincere hospitality of the local people who carefully preserve their traditions.

When planning a route, many tourists wonder how to get to Nakhchivan, as this region is an exclave and geographically separated from the main territory of the country. Despite this, transport connections are excellent, and air travel remains the most popular option. A trip to Nakhchivan promises to be an unforgettable adventure where everyone will find something for themselves: from the breathtaking landscapes of the Duzdag salt caves to immersing oneself in the deep history of the region.

Given the geographical features of the region's location, flying remains the only fast and comfortable way to reach the city. The main air gateway is Nakhchivan International Airport (NAJ), a modern terminal ready to welcome travellers with a high level of service.

The main passenger flow comes through Baku. There is intensive air traffic established with the capital of Azerbaijan: flights depart several times a day, ensuring a stable connection with the "mainland". This is the optimal choice for those building a route within the country.

International travellers often choose direct flights from Istanbul. It is important to remember that due to the lack of direct land transit through neighbouring territories, trip logistics should be built exclusively via air travel. Flying via Baku or Istanbul guarantees the predictability and convenience of your journey.

At the moment, there is no direct railway connection for tourists wishing to get to Nakhchivan from the main part of Azerbaijan. Due to the peculiarities of the region's geographical position (exclave status), it is impossible to get here by train without crossing the borders of neighbouring states, and transit passenger routes are currently not functioning.

Although the region has railway infrastructure and a station, they are not used for mass tourist flow from abroad or from Baku. Connections with neighbouring countries for travellers are also limited. Therefore, planning a trip by train is not practical: the optimal and most accessible solution remains air travel or, in rare cases, combined road routes through the territory of Iran.

For travellers choosing ground transport, the most convenient and popular option is bus service from Turkey. Bus services regularly depart from the city of Igdir, located in the immediate vicinity of the border. A trip to Nakhchivan on a comfortable bus or shuttle usually takes from one and a half to two hours, including time for passing necessary procedures at the "Sadarak" checkpoint.

This path is not only logistically convenient but also incredibly picturesque: the road runs along the Araz River valley, opening up breathtaking views of the majestic Mount Ararat to passengers. This turns a standard transfer into a small scenic journey.

It is worth noting that the Turkish direction is not the only window into the region for ground transport; border crossings with Iran (for example, Julfa) also function. However, for most classic tourists, the route through Turkey remains a priority due to the high frequency of trips and the simplicity of planning the journey.

For those travelling by car, the most comfortable and fastest way to get to the region is a trip from the Turkish city of Igdir. The distance to the capital of the exclave is about 85 kilometres, and the travel time, including passing border formalities at the "Sadarak" checkpoint, usually does not exceed one and a half hours. The road delights with high-quality surfacing and picturesque views of the Araks valley, and a taxi ride will cost a reasonable amount.

Despite the fact that Yerevan and Kapan are geographically located very close—the straight-line distance is less than 100 kilometres—direct land communication with these cities is currently absent. Tourists should take this nuance into account and plan entry into Nakhchivan exclusively through the territory of Turkey or Iran, as transit through common borders with Armenia is closed.

A trip to Nakhchivan will give you a unique experience of getting to know the ancient culture and nature, but, like any journey, it requires a little planning. To ensure your vacation passes as comfortably as possible and without unnecessary hassle, we have collected the most important practical recommendations for you.

1. Clothing and Seasonality. The climate here is sharply continental: summers are hot and dry, while winters can be quite frosty. For a summer trip, choose light clothing made of natural fabrics, sunglasses, and a hat. In winter, be sure to take a warm jacket and comfortable shoes, as the temperature can drop below zero.
2. Transport. Public transport in the city is well developed, but for tourists, the most convenient way to get around remains a taxi. Trips are inexpensive, and cars can be found almost anywhere. The city centre is compact and well-maintained, so many sights are pleasant to explore on foot.
3. Finance. The official currency is the Azerbaijani Manat (AZN). In large hotels, restaurants, and shopping centres, you can pay by card, but in small shops, taxis, and markets, only cash is accepted. It is better to exchange money in advance or withdraw it from ATMs, of which there are plenty in the city.
4. Health and Safety. Nakhchivan is distinguished by a high level of safety and cleanliness; travellers can calmly walk the streets even in the evening. Medical facilities and pharmacies are accessible, however, for drinking, it is recommended to buy bottled water to exclude the risk of the body reacting to a change in water.
5. Communication. The state language is Azerbaijani. Staff in hotels and tourist places often possess basic English. Many local residents of the older generation understand the Russian language well, so communication problems usually do not arise.
6. Local Etiquette. Traditions of hospitality and respect for elders are strong in the region. Locals are very welcoming: if you are invited for tea, do not refuse—this is a sign of respect. It is recommended to dress neatly and modestly, especially when visiting religious monuments and mausoleums.
7. What to Avoid. Given the border location of the region, it is strongly not recommended to photograph military objects, checkpoints, and administrative buildings with guards. It is also worth refraining from discussing political topics to avoid creating awkward situations.
8. Additional Advice. Be sure to try local products for which the region is famous: Nakhchivan salt, honey, and fruits. And if time permits, visit the physiotherapy centre in the Duzdag caves—this unique place not only heals but also impresses with its atmosphere.

Nakhchivan is a hospitable and peaceful city where tourists usually feel very comfortable. By following these simple tips, you can avoid minor organizational inconveniences and fully focus on exploring the rich history and beauties of this amazing land.