Base & Meridian Wildlife Area

Imagine a true oasis amidst Arizona’s arid landscapes, where the Gila and Salt rivers converge. The Base & Meridian Wildlife Area is a unique natural territory of about 198 acres, located west of the city of Phoenix in the USA. Although this place is sometimes categorized as a zoo, it is actually a wild riparian zone where animals live in complete freedom.

The wildlife area is famous for its riparian forests, dominated by willows, cottonwoods, and mesquite thickets. Such dense vegetation in the heart of the Sonoran Desert creates ideal conditions for hundreds of bird and mammal species. One of the key features of this area is Monument Hill, which holds immense historical significance as the survey point for the entire region's cartography.

Visitors value this location for the opportunity to see rare fauna, such as yellow-billed cuckoos or desert tortoises, in their natural environment. This space is designed so that everyone can experience the pristine beauty of Arizona's nature and take a break from city noise while watching the flow of the desert's great rivers.

To check current trail conditions or organize group visits, you can contact the Arizona Game and Fish Department, which manages this area.

Nature enthusiasts certainly won't be bored here, as the main activity in the area is birdwatching. More than 150 species of birds live here, including striking Harris's hawks, bald eagles, and charismatic Anna’s hummingbirds. The best places to observe them are near the lagoons with thick reed beds or in the shade of the floodplain forests, where birds find refuge from the sun.

For those who prefer to keep moving, there are convenient gravel routes, such as part of the famous Maricopa Trail. These paths lead to mesquite groves, the riverbank, and even a small waterfall (spillway). Walking along the concrete dikes between the lagoons, you can see turtles, raccoons, and even beavers, and if you're lucky, you might spot a graceful bobcat or a coyote coming for a drink.

Be sure to climb Monument Hill to take panoramic photos of the river confluence and see the state's historical geodetic survey point. This location is also popular among fishing enthusiasts and families for outdoor picnics. However, try to avoid days when races are held at the neighboring speedway to fully enjoy the sounds of nature rather than the roar of engines.

The wildlife area is located approximately 17 miles west of downtown. The most convenient way to get here is by car via I-10 W. Take Exit 129 for Avondale Blvd and head south. Follow the signs for the Phoenix Raceway and turn onto Speedway—the road will lead you directly to the parking lot at the entrance to the natural area. While a standard vehicle is sufficient to access the main points, a high-clearance vehicle may be helpful for navigating certain unpaved sections.

Public transport to this area is extremely limited, so taking a taxi from the city center or nearby neighborhoods is a more reliable option. Keep in mind that the parking area is shared with the racetrack: it is free on normal days, but it can be crowded with fans during major racing events.

From the parking area, a bridge over a wash and a paved path in the riverbed lead to the main trails, which then branch out into a network of dirt paths. If you prefer comfort, you can always call a car through popular ride-sharing services, using S Avondale Blvd as your destination.

The history of preserving this green corner began in 1973. It was then, through the efforts of several government agencies, including the Arizona Game and Fish Department and the Bureau of Land Management, that the territory was granted protected status. The primary goal of the project was to restore the unique riparian habitat and create a safe haven for waterfowl amidst the state's growing urbanization.

The most remarkable historical detail of the area is hidden at the top of Monument Hill. In 1851, the U.S. Boundary Commission established a geodetic marker here for surveys following the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. This hill became the intersection of the Gila and Salt River Base Line and Meridian—the "Initial Point" from which all land boundaries in Arizona were surveyed. Since 2002, the hill has been included in the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

The territory at the confluence of the Gila and Salt rivers has historically served as a vital natural corridor for animal migration. Modern management of the wildlife area focuses on maintaining this ecosystem balance and protecting rare plant species. Today, the site looks much as it did in the early 19th century, serving as a living monument of nature carefully preserved in the heart of the desert.

To leisurely explore the main trails of the area and enjoy the silence by the river, you will typically need 2 to 4 hours. This is enough time for a walk to the lagoons, a visit to the historic Monument Hill, and observing several bird species in their natural habitat.

If you are a professional wildlife photographer or plan to go fishing, your visit could extend to half a day. During the hot summer months, it is recommended to plan your visit for the early morning, limiting activity to 1–2 hours to avoid peak solar radiation and to see nature at its most active.

The Base & Meridian Wildlife Area is open to the public 24/7, year-round. The lack of an entrance fee makes this place accessible to everyone who wants to connect with nature at any convenient time.

Nevertheless, visitors are advised to check the official Arizona Game and Fish Department website before traveling. In rare cases, access to parking or certain trails may be limited due to restoration work or major events at the neighboring stadium.

Exploring the surroundings of the wildlife area can significantly enrich your trip experience. The western part of the metropolitan area offers plenty of entertainment: from thrilling rides and water parks to cozy resort areas where you can relax after a nature walk.

Below are the most interesting attractions located within driving distance: