Mekelle

When planning a journey through northern Ethiopia, many tourists seek information on how to reach Mekelle — the region's vibrant economic and cultural hub. This city attracts travellers with its distinctive atmosphere and proximity to unique natural landmarks, serving as a vital transport node. You can arrive here in various ways: by taking a quick flight, embarking on an intercity bus journey, or choosing to travel by car.

The fastest and most comfortable way to reach the region is by air. The city is served by Alula Aba Nega Airport (MQX), which receives regular flights from the capital and other major hubs in the country. The terminal is located just a few kilometres from the centre, making arrival here a convenient start to your journey.

Thanks to a well-developed network of domestic airlines, tourists often include a flight here as part of a larger itinerary through the historic north. Connections with cities such as Axum and the famous Lalibela are particularly popular, allowing for significant savings in time and effort compared to ground transport.

At present, it is impossible to reach Mekelle by train, as there is no railway service in the city or its vicinity. Large-scale projects to lay tracks to the north of the country exist, but they have not yet been completed, and passenger trains do not operate in this region.

The absence of a railway is also characteristic of neighbouring tourist centres such as Axum, Shire, or Lalibela, so travellers must choose other modes of transport. To reach this part of the country, it is more logical to utilise the extensive network of domestic flights or intercity buses.

Bus services connect the city with key historic centres of the north, turning the trip into a genuine excursion through the picturesque highlands. One of the most sought-after routes runs from ancient Axum: covering a distance of about 200 kilometres usually takes 5–6 hours along winding mountain roads. You can also get here from the town of Shire; the road from there requires a bit more time but is compensated by breathtaking panoramas outside the window.

Travellers departing from the famous Lalibela should prepare for a longer adventure. The distance of over 350 kilometres takes an average of 8–10 hours to cover due to the challenging terrain, often occupying the entire daylight period. Despite the length of the journey, travelling by bus remains a popular choice for those who wish to see the changing landscapes and observe life in the Ethiopian countryside.

Travelling by private car or taxi allows you the freedom to plan your schedule and enjoy the scenic views of the Ethiopian Highlands. The drive from historic Axum is considered one of the most popular: a distance of about 190 kilometres on paved roads is usually covered in 4 hours. The route from the town of Shire is slightly longer — almost 250 kilometres of road will take an average of 5 hours, revealing panoramas of local villages and mountain ranges to travellers.

The road from the famous Lalibela will require more time and endurance, as the 310-kilometre distance takes about 7–8 hours due to the difficult terrain and serpentine roads. When hiring a private driver or taxi for intercity transfers, it is important to negotiate the price in advance, as fixed fares are a rarity here. Although the main highways are in good condition, drivers should be prepared for intense traffic and sharp turns.

Preparing for a trip to Mekelle requires attention to detail, as this city combines the charm of the African hinterland with the status of an important regional centre. To ensure your journey through northern Ethiopia goes smoothly and leaves only pleasant impressions, we have compiled a list of useful recommendations covering the main aspects of your stay.

1. Clothing and Modesty. The climate here is moderate, but due to the high altitude, the weather can be changeable. During the day, light clothing made of natural fabrics is comfortable, but be sure to bring a warm sweater or windbreaker for the evenings — the temperature drops noticeably after sunset. Also, be mindful of the region's conservative traditions: for visiting churches and walking around the city, it is best to choose modest clothing that covers shoulders and knees.
2. Transport. The most popular way to move around the city for short distances is by three-wheeled auto-rickshaws, known as "Bajaj". It is cheap and atmospheric, but the price should be agreed upon before boarding. For longer trips or transfers with luggage, it is more reliable to order an official taxi, as public transport can be overcrowded.
3. Finances. The main currency is the Ethiopian Birr. Bank cards (Visa, Mastercard) are accepted only in a few major hotels and high-end restaurants, so cash is necessary everywhere. Exchange Dollars or Euros only at official banks; there are ATMs in the city, but they may work intermittently or not accept foreign bank cards.
4. Health and Safety. It is strongly advised not to drink tap water; use only bottled water, even for brushing your teeth. The sun in the highlands is very strong, so the use of sunscreen and wearing a head covering is mandatory to avoid burns and heatstroke.
5. Communication. The primary language of the local population is Tigrinya, although many also understand the national Amharic language. The level of English proficiency varies: you will be understood without problems in hotels and tourist bureaus, but in markets and small shops, you may need to communicate using gestures or an online translator.
6. Local Etiquette. Ethiopians are a very polite and hospitable people. Greetings are often accompanied by a handshake and a light touch on the shoulder. If you are invited to a traditional coffee ceremony, consider it a great honour: it is not customary to refuse, as this is an important social ritual that can last an hour or more.
7. What to Avoid. Do not photograph government buildings, military facilities, bridges, or police officers — this is strictly prohibited and can lead to confiscation of equipment or legal issues. Also, try not to display large sums of money or expensive gadgets in crowded places to avoid attracting the attention of pickpockets.
8. Additional Tip. Mekelle is the main staging point for tours to the Danakil Depression. If you plan to visit this unique natural site, purchase necessary supplies (wet wipes, extra batteries, halal snacks) here, as there will be practically no shops further on.

Observing these simple rules will help you adapt faster to the local rhythm of life and avoid practical inconveniences. Be open, polite, and attentive, and the city will reveal its hospitality and unique cultural atmosphere to you.