How to get to Tehran

Tehran is a dynamic and vibrant metropolis located at the foot of the Alborz mountain range in the very heart of Iran. If you are planning to travel to Tehran, a multitude of logistical options await you, as the capital is a key regional transport hub. When deciding how to get to Tehran, travellers can choose a quick flight, a scenic train ride, or a journey by bus or car.

The fastest and most convenient way to reach Tehran is by air. The capital of Iran is served by two major airports, which clearly divide passenger traffic between them, ensuring comfortable arrivals from both abroad and other provinces.

Imam Khomeini International Airport (IKA) serves as the main air gateway for international tourists. It is located approximately 40 kilometres south of the metropolis and receives the vast majority of international flights. The modern terminal allows travellers to comfortably complete all necessary arrival procedures.

The second aviation hub, Mehrabad Airport (THR), is located much closer to the centre, directly within the city limits. Historically the main airport, it now primarily serves domestic flights as well as government aircraft. This is the main destination for those arriving in the capital from other Iranian cities.

Rail transport in Iran is very well developed, and Tehran is a key node in this network. The city's main railway station, located in the southern part of the capital at Rah Ahan Square, receives dozens of trains daily from various corners of the country.

Tourists can comfortably arrive here via direct routes from major cities such as Mashhad, Isfahan, Tabriz, Shiraz, Yazd, and Bandar Abbas. A train journey is not only budget-friendly but also a safe mode of transport, allowing you to enjoy the changing landscapes outside the window: from boundless deserts to picturesque mountain ranges.

Local trains offer a decent level of service and cleanliness. Travellers usually have access to tickets for various carriage classes, including comfortable compartments for 4 or 6 people, where tea and light snacks are often served. It is recommended to purchase tickets in advance, as this mode of transport is highly popular among both locals and guests of the capital.

Travelling by bus to Tehran is an excellent opportunity to see the diversity of Iranian landscapes while enjoying the comfort of modern VIP-class coaches. One of the most popular and fastest routes is the trip from the city of Kashan: buses cover 250 kilometres of excellent highway in about three hours. This is an ideal option for those who want to smoothly transition from the atmosphere of ancient desert architecture to the dynamic rhythm of the capital metropolis.

The route from the north of the country, from the Caspian Sea coast, is considered one of the most picturesque in the region, although it takes a bit more time due to the mountainous terrain. A trip from the resort town of Nowshahr or the administrative centre of Sari lasts from 4 to 5 hours, during which you will drive about 200–280 kilometres through the impressive Alborz ranges. The views outside the window will change rapidly from humid subtropical forests to rugged rocky gorges as you approach the capital.

A trip by car to Tehran is a comfortable way to witness the country's contrasting landscapes, as local highways are known for their high-quality surfaces. The journey from desert Kashan will take no more than three hours: during this time, you will cover about 250 kilometres on a straight expressway, and the cost of an intercity taxi for such a distance remains affordable for most travellers.

Routes from the north, from the Caspian Sea coast, are considered some of the most beautiful, as they pass through scenic mountain passes. The road from Nowshahr along the legendary Chalus Road (about 200 km) or the path from Sari (280 km) will require about 4–5 hours of time, but will offer unforgettable views of green gorges and the rocky peaks of the Alborz range.

Preparing for a trip to Tehran requires knowledge of certain local specifics that will make your stay comfortable and carefree. Observing simple rules and respecting the traditions of Iran will help you adapt faster to the capital's rhythm and avoid misunderstandings.

1. Clothing and Dress Code. Adherence to the Islamic dress code is mandatory: women must wear a headscarf (rusari) and a loose covering or tunic (manteau) that covers the hips, while men should not wear shorts. Consider the season: in summer, choose light natural fabrics, and in winter, be sure to bring a warm jacket, as it snows in the capital and can get quite cold.
2. Transport. Due to heavy traffic and frequent congestion, the metro is the most reliable way to get around, covering key districts. For car trips, it is recommended to install local taxi apps (similar to Uber), which allow you to see the fixed price in advance and eliminate the need to bargain or explain the route in Farsi.
3. Finance. International Visa and Mastercard cards do not work here, so it is necessary to bring sufficient cash (Dollars or Euros). Be attentive to prices: the official currency is the Rial, but in daily life and on price tags, "Toman" is often used (1 Toman equals 10 Rials), so always verify with the seller which unit the cost is quoted in.
4. Health and Safety. Tehran is a safe city, but due to smog, people with sensitive respiratory systems should carry a mask. Tap water is treated, but tourists are better off buying bottled water to eliminate the risk of stomach upset due to the change in water composition.
5. Communication. The official language is Persian (Farsi); although young people often speak English, taxi drivers and bazaar vendors may not know it. It is recommended to learn how to read numbers in Persian — this will significantly facilitate reading price tags and bus numbers.
6. Local Etiquette. Iranians practice "Taarof" — a complex system of politeness where you may be offered a free product or service. Etiquette dictates that you politely decline once or twice; if the offer remains, it is sincere. It is not customary to greet members of the opposite gender with a handshake; it is better to simply place your hand over your heart and bow slightly.
7. What to Avoid. The consumption of alcohol is strictly prohibited, as are public displays of affection between couples (kissing, long embraces). Also, refrain from photographing government buildings, embassies, military facilities, and police stations.
8. Operating Hours. Keep in mind that the weekend days in the country are Thursday (often a shortened working day) and Friday. Plan visits to banks, exchange offices, and some museums in advance, as most institutions are closed on Friday.

By following these recommendations, you will be able to feel confident and focus on exploring the city's rich culture and landmarks. Openness, a smile, and respect for local customs are your best assistants on the journey.