How to get to Ende

Ende is the historic heart of Flores Island and an atmospheric city surrounded by majestic volcanic landscapes. It serves as the main gateway to one of the most impressive natural attractions in Indonesia — the mystical coloured lakes of the Kelimutu volcano. Its rich history, tied to the country's struggle for independence, and its unique culture make this place an essential stop for curious tourists. Furthermore, the city remains a convenient transport hub that is easy to reach, allowing you to begin your exploration of the region's wonders with ease.

The fastest way to reach this corner of the island is by air. The city is served by H. Hasan Aroeboesman Airport (ENE), located just a few minutes' drive from the central streets, making arrival extremely comfortable and eliminating the need to navigate complex ground transfers.

When planning your flight, consider the local logistics. Regular direct flights operate from the provincial administrative centre, Kupang. Travellers departing from Denpasar (Bali) should be prepared for routes that usually include a transfer or a technical stop (most often in Labuan Bajo), so travel time will depend on the chosen connection.

There is no direct railway service to the city of Ende, as there are no railways on the entire island of Flores. This part of the transport infrastructure in Indonesia is developed primarily on the densely populated islands of Java and Sumatra, so train enthusiasts will need to choose alternative modes of transport.

Neighbouring settlements, such as Maumere, Bajawa, or Ruteng, also do not have train stations. To travel between these towns, it is best to use intercity buses or rent a car with a driver, allowing you to traverse the mountain winding roads comfortably while enjoying the scenery.

Bus services connect Ende with key points on the island via the famous winding Trans-Flores Highway. The journey from the city of Maumere is considered one of the most picturesque: covering 145 kilometres takes about 4–5 hours, allowing you to admire the transition from coastal to mountain landscapes. A similar amount of time is required to arrive from the cool town of Bajawa, located 125 kilometres to the west, where the road winds through lush tropical forests.

A longer journey awaits tourists departing from Ruteng: this route, spanning approximately 260 kilometres, usually takes 9–10 hours and requires stamina due to the numerous serpentine turns. For transport, you can choose between colourful local buses or more comfortable shared minivans, which locals call "travel," allowing you to immerse yourself in the rhythm of life in Indonesia with convenience.

Traveling by car around Flores Island becomes an adventure in itself, thanks to the scenic winding roads of the Trans-Flores Highway. The road to Ende from the city of Maumere, covering 145 kilometres, usually takes about 4 hours. Approximately the same time is needed for the journey from Bajawa (125 km), where the highway loops amidst dense tropical greenery.

If you are setting off from Ruteng, be prepared for a longer drive: the vehicle will cover the distance of 260 kilometres in 8–9 hours due to the challenging mountainous terrain. The most comfortable option for traveling through this part of Indonesia is renting a car with a local driver. The service will cost approximately 800,000 – 1,200,000 Indonesian Rupiah per day, allowing you to focus on the views rather than the difficult road and make stops at panoramic viewpoints.

Preparing for a trip to Ende requires attention to detail due to the tropical climate and local infrastructure nuances. These practical recommendations will help you plan a comfortable journey and avoid common difficulties during your stay in this part of Indonesia.

1. Clothing and Essentials: Opt for light, breathable clothing made from natural fabrics that covers your shoulders and knees, adhering to local standards of modesty. Be sure to bring a warm jacket or windbreaker: if you plan to watch the sunrise at Kelimutu volcano, it will be cool and windy.
2. Transport: "Bemo" minivans and "Ojek" motorcycle taxis operate around the city and are the cheapest way to get around. For trips to remote attractions, it is more reliable and safer to rent a car with a local driver who is familiar with the difficult mountain terrain.
3. Finances: Stock up on cash in Indonesian Rupiah in advance. Bank cards are accepted only in large hotels and some airline offices, and ATMs may be out of service or may not accept foreign bank cards.
4. Health and Safety: Drink strictly bottled water and avoid beverages with ice in street cafes. It is recommended to use insect repellent constantly, especially in the evening, to protect against tropical mosquitoes.
5. Communication: Staff in tourist areas may speak English, but in daily life, locals use the Indonesian language. Download an offline translator and maps to your phone, as mobile internet can be unstable.
6. Local Etiquette: Greet people with a smile and remember the "right hand" rule: pass money, items, or food only with your right hand, as the left is considered "unclean." It is customary to remove your shoes when entering private homes.
7. What to Avoid: Do not show impatience or aggression in public — raising your voice is perceived very negatively here and can lead to a "loss of face." Also, do not photograph locals without their permission, especially during ceremonies.
8. Extra Tip: The best time to visit the famous coloured lakes is early morning. Try to leave the city around 4:00 AM to arrive by sunrise and see the lakes clearly before thick fog hides them from view closer to noon.

By following these simple tips, you can focus on the beauty of nature and the cultural richness of the region without being distracted by domestic inconveniences. Respect for traditions and a little foresight will make your journey across Flores Island truly pleasant and safe.