How to get to Jaffna

Planning to visit Jaffna, you are choosing a journey to a distinctive historical centre in the north of Sri Lanka, where ancient traditions and unique architecture intertwine. Understanding how to get to Jaffna is quite simple: the city is well connected to other regions of the island, offering tourists a choice between a quick flight, a scenic train ride, a bus, or a car.

The fastest way to reach the north of the island is by air. Jaffna is served by its own international airport (JAF), located in Palaly. Flights operate here from India (for example, from Chennai), as well as domestic flights from other parts of the country.

Most often, travellers from abroad arrive at the main airport of Sri Lanka — Bandaranaike (CMB), located near Colombo. From there, you can reach Jaffna via a connecting domestic flight. Such a flight takes about an hour, allowing you to significantly save time and avoid a tiring ground transfer across the entire island.

Travelling by train is, perhaps, the most scenic and atmospheric way to get to Jaffna. The city has a direct railway connection with Colombo and other regions thanks to the Northern Line. Jaffna Railway Station is located within the city limits, making arrival extremely convenient for tourists.

The journey takes about 6–8 hours, but the time flies unnoticed. The route passes through the diverse landscapes of Sri Lanka: from dense tropical forests to palm groves and the open spaces of the north. Passing through the causeway at Elephant Pass makes a special impression, where the train seems to glide on water between the lagoons. The legendary "Yal Devi" express and modern trains with air-conditioned carriages ensure a comfortable journey to the north of the island.

Bus services play a key role in the island's transport system, and Jaffna is perfectly integrated into this network. The main hub for trips to the north is Colombo: it is from the commercial capital that most direct routes depart, connecting the west coast with the peninsula. This is a popular method of travel among both locals and tourists wishing to see the changing landscapes along the way.

When planning a trip, it is important to distinguish between transport types. State buses (CTB), easily recognised by their red colour, offer the most budget-friendly option, often without air conditioning but with open windows and an authentic atmosphere. If comfort is a priority, it is worth choosing private intercity liners. They are usually equipped with air conditioning and more comfortable seats, making the long journey to the north much less tiring.

Travelling by car allows you to see the shift in natural zones and feel the true rhythm of the island. A trip from coastal Kalpitiya will take about 5–6 hours (approximately 270 km), offering views of lagoons and causeways, especially if you choose the scenic road through Mannar. The route from the port city of Trincomalee is no less convenient: the distance of 235 km can be covered in 4–5 hours, moving through Vavuniya and joining the main northern highway A9, which leads straight to Jaffna.

The roads in this part of Sri Lanka are in good condition, so renting a car with a driver is a popular and safe choice for tourists. The cost of a private transfer for such distances usually varies from 25,000 to 35,000 Sri Lankan rupees, but the final price often depends on the vehicle class and your negotiation skills. This is the most comfortable way to reach your destination, allowing you to make stops at roadside shrines and fruit stalls.

Preparing for a trip to Jaffna requires attention to detail, as this region differs from the rest of Sri Lanka in its climate and cultural features. To ensure your journey runs smoothly and leaves only pleasant impressions, we have compiled the most important practical recommendations.

1. Clothing and Climate. The north of the island is known for its hot and dry weather, so prefer light clothing made from natural breathable fabrics such as cotton or linen. Consider the conservative nature of the region: for walking around the city and especially for visiting temples, choose outfits that cover your shoulders and knees.
2. Transport. The most popular way to travel short distances is by tuk-tuk, but be sure to agree on the fare before boarding. You can rent a scooter to explore the surroundings on your own, but be prepared for chaotic traffic and the presence of stray animals on the roads.
3. Finances. The official currency is the Sri Lankan Rupee. Major hotels and restaurants accept cards, but you will need cash in small cafes, souvenir shops, and markets. It is better to withdraw money from an ATM or exchange currency in advance, as exchange points may not be available in remote areas.
4. Health and Safety. Drink exclusively bottled water and avoid drinks with ice in street establishments. The sun is very active here, so using high SPF cream and wearing a hat is mandatory. It is also recommended to carry insect repellent.
5. Communication. Unlike the south of the country, the main language here is Tamil. English is understood in tourist places and hotels, but knowing a couple of simple phrases in Tamil (for example, the greeting "Vanakkam") will bring a sincere smile and the goodwill of the locals.
6. Local Etiquette. When entering any Hindu temple, be sure to remove your shoes; this rule often applies to entering private homes as well. Remember that you should eat and pass money or items only with your right hand, as the left is considered "unclean".
7. What to Avoid. Do not photograph locals, especially women and clergy, without their permission. Also, try not to touch the heads of children or adults, as in local culture the head is considered a sacred part of the body.
8. Gastronomic Tip. While in the city, be sure to try dishes made from Palmyra — a palm tree that is the symbol of the region. This could be palm sugar (jaggery) or various sweets sold at local markets that possess a unique taste.

These simple rules will help you feel confident and show respect for the local culture. Enjoy the sincere hospitality of the north and discover new, unexplored facets of this amazing island!