How to get to Ilam

Planning a trip to Ilam reveals a vibrant city in western Iran, situated in the picturesque foothills of the Zagros Mountains. This administrative centre attracts travellers with a unique combination of rich history and beautiful nature, offering a tranquil atmosphere far from bustling metropolises. If you are looking for information on how to get to Ilam, various route options are at your service, including domestic flights and ground transport.

The fastest and most comfortable way to reach the region is by air. Ilam Airport (IIL) is located just a few kilometres from the city, making the transfer to the centre incredibly short and convenient. The airport primarily handles domestic flights, predominantly from Tehran, ensuring a stable connection with the capital.

If direct tickets are unavailable, a reasonable alternative is flying to Kermanshah. The airport in this city is a major regional hub and accommodates a larger number of flights. From there, you can reach Ilam by taxi or intercity bus, enjoying scenic mountain landscapes along the way.

Travelling directly to Ilam by train is not possible, as there is no railway station within the city or its immediate vicinity. However, a journey by rail can be a comfortable and interesting part of your route if you are prepared to transfer to ground transport.

The optimal solution is to travel to the city of Kermanshah, which serves as an important transport hub for the region. From there, travellers usually continue their journey by taxi or bus. The distance between the cities is approximately 170 kilometres, and the road allows you to enjoy picturesque views of the mountain landscapes.

Bus services connect the region with neighbouring major centres, offering tourists a budget-friendly and scenic mode of transport. The most popular and shortest route runs from Kermanshah: a comfortable bus covers the distance of 170 kilometres in approximately 3 hours, winding through impressive mountain scenery. If you are travelling from the north, a convenient option is a service from Sanandaj, located 340 kilometres away; such a trip will take about 5–6 hours and allows you to enjoy views of Iranian Kurdistan.

For travellers planning a complex route involving border crossings, it is possible to reach the city from Baghdad, Iraq. The journey of about 270 kilometres usually takes between 5 to 7 hours; however, it is essential to allocate extra time for border control procedures. This route is often chosen by pilgrims and tourists wishing to combine visits to two countries in one trip.

Travelling by car to Ilam allows you to enjoy the beauty of the region and the majestic Zagros ranges. The shortest and most popular route leads from Kermanshah: the distance of 171 kilometres can be comfortably driven in approximately 2.5–3 hours. If you are departing from Sanandaj, the journey will be about 290 kilometres and will take around 4.5 hours along scenic mountain roads.

For those approaching from the Iraqi side, the road from Baghdad, spanning about 311 kilometres, requires about 4.5 hours of driving time, though it is important to factor in additional time for crossing the border. For travel between cities, it is convenient to use official taxis or the collective taxis known as "savari," popular in Iran, where the cost of the trip is shared among all passengers, making the journey fast and economical.

Thorough preparation for a trip to Ilam will help avoid common difficulties and make your journey through the west of the country as comfortable as possible. Considering the cultural nuances and geographical location of this region, we have compiled a list of the most important recommendations for visiting Iran.

1. Clothing and Climate. Ilam is a mountainous city, so the weather here can be changeable. Warm clothing is necessary in winter as temperatures drop quite low. In summer, opt for light, natural fabrics, but remember the dress code: women must wear a headscarf (rousari) and loose clothing covering arms and legs, while men should not wear shorts in public places.
2. Transport. Public transport within the city is not widely developed, so taxis are the main mode of movement. There are "savari" (shared taxis) that follow specific routes and are inexpensive, and "dar bast" (private "door-to-door" taxis). It is best to negotiate the price of a private taxi ride in advance, before getting into the car.
3. Finance and Currency. International Visa and Mastercard cards do not work here. You must carry cash (US Dollars or Euros) to exchange for local Rials at official exchange offices ("sarafi"). Be attentive: in conversation, prices are often quoted in "Tomans" (1 Toman = 10 Rials); always clarify this when making payments.
4. Communication and Language. The main language is Persian (Farsi), and many locals also speak Kurdish. English is not widely spoken, especially outside of hotels. It is recommended to download an offline translator or learn a few basic phrases in Farsi for communication in shops and taxis.
5. Health and Water. Tap water in the city is generally treated, but tourists are recommended to buy bottled water for drinking to avoid stomach acclimatisation issues. Pharmacies are available and well-stocked, but it is better to bring specific prescription medicines with you.
6. Local Etiquette. Iranians are famous for their hospitality and a complex system of politeness known as "Taarof." If you are offered something for free (for example, a taxi driver refuses to take money), it is customary to politely decline several times. If the offer is repeated persistently, then it may be accepted. Be sure to remove your shoes when entering a home or a mosque.
7. What to Avoid. The consumption of alcohol is strictly prohibited. Also, do not photograph government buildings, military facilities, or police officers. Avoid public displays of affection (kissing and hugging) between men and women on the street.
8. Natural Features. Since the region is famous for its mountains and caves, if you plan trips into nature, be sure to bring comfortable trekking shoes. The best time to view the natural beauty of the Zagros is spring when the mountain slopes are covered in greenery.

Following these simple rules will allow you to feel confident and enjoy the unique character and hospitality of the local people without unnecessary worries.