The Ruins of Yuanmingyuan （East Gate 2）

The Old Summer Palace (Yuanmingyuan) is a monumental historic site located in the northwestern part of Beijing, the capital of China. Once a vast imperial garden complex known as the Garden of Perfection and Light, it was considered the pinnacle of Qing Dynasty landscape architecture. Today, it is a picturesque park covering over 350 hectares, where majestic ruins sit alongside tranquil lakes and shaded alleys.

Of particular significance are the surviving fragments of the Xiyanglou (Western Palaces)—a unique ensemble in European style created in the 18th century. The fusion of classical Chinese motifs and Western Baroque made these marble colonnades and pavilions the park's iconic symbol. Through East Gate 2, visitors enter the Changchunyuan zone, which offers panoramic views of the still waters and distant mountains.

Today, the Yuanmingyuan territory is a state-protected green oasis, attracting those seeking solitude and a connection to the country's imperial past. This location is ideal for thoughtful walks among the hills and exploring historical heritage through the informational markers installed along the route.

When planning a visit to the Old Summer Palace (Yuanmingyuan) in Beijing, it is recommended to check the latest access information in advance. Contact details and official resources can help clarify visit specifics depending on the season.

At the Old Summer Palace, visitors can immerse themselves in an atmosphere of imperial tranquility. The main activity here is walking along the well-maintained trails that lead to the famous ruins of the Xiyanglou. Exploring the remains of marble fountains and pavilions allows you to witness firsthand the former grandeur of the Garden of Perfection and Light. For those who prefer active recreation, the park is easy to navigate on a rented bicycle, allowing you to discover remote corners and hidden lakes.

For panoramic views, head to the hills in the Changchunyuan zone; from there, you can enjoy an excellent vantage point over the lakes and the Xishan (Western Hills) mountain range on the horizon. In summer, the park is transformed by blooming lotuses, while in autumn, it draws photographers with the vibrant foliage of centuries-old trees. It is an ideal spot for picnics, yoga, or meditation away from the city noise.

For a deeper dive into history, you can use audio guides or join a tour. Informational plaques located at every significant site provide detailed accounts of the architectural features and landscaping solutions of different eras, turning a simple walk into an engaging educational journey.

The most convenient way to reach the Old Summer Palace (Yuanmingyuan) is by metro. Take Line 4 and get off at Yuanmingyuan station (Exit A2). From the metro, East Gate 2 is a 10–15 minute walk, or you can take a taxi. City buses No. 319, 432, and 484 also serve the park.

A taxi or Didi ride from central Beijing, such as the Forbidden City, will take approximately 30–45 minutes depending on traffic. If you are coming from the airport, the Airport Express followed by a metro transfer or a taxi ride will take about an hour.

For those who prefer eco-friendly travel, the Haidian District features convenient bike paths leading directly to the park entrances. Inside the grounds, sightseeing electric cars are available during the summer season to help you save energy when traveling between distant ruins.

The history of Yuanmingyuan began in 1707 when the Kangxi Emperor ordered the creation of a garden as a gift for his son. Over time, the modest residence evolved into a grand complex of three interconnected parks. During the reign of the Qianlong Emperor, the unique "Western Palaces" were added, created with the help of European masters who introduced Baroque and Rococo elements to the architecture.

For over 150 years, the palace served as a vital political center of the empire. Five generations of Qing Dynasty rulers held state audiences here, managed the country, and kept priceless art collections in its libraries and pavilions. The garden combined the best features of southern and northern Chinese landscapes, earning its reputation as the "garden of all gardens."

Following the tragic events of the mid-19th century, the park was not restored, and its ruins were preserved as a living reminder of the past. Since 1951, the government has taken active measures to protect the area, including large-scale landscaping and strict construction bans. Today, Yuanmingyuan holds the status of a national monument, and its administration continues to work on the conservation of historical sites and the improvement of the grounds.

A leisurely exploration of the main areas of the Old Summer Palace, including the European pavilion ruins and a walk along the lakes near East Gate 2, typically takes 3 to 4 hours. This is enough time to take photos, study the information plaques, and enjoy the tranquility of the park.

If you plan to explore the entire complex, rent a bicycle, or enjoy a long outdoor break, your visit may last 5–6 hours. History enthusiasts and landscape design fans should consider dedicating a full day to see all three parks and the more remote corners of the residence without rushing.

The Old Summer Palace (Yuanmingyuan) welcomes guests daily. The park gates are generally open from 06:00 to 21:00, though please note that entry stops one hour before closing, at 20:00. These hours allow visitors to enjoy the grounds during the early morning as well as at sunset.

It is important to remember that during the winter period (November to February), the operating schedule may be shortened to 18:00 due to fewer daylight hours. It is recommended to check the current schedule on the park's official website or the information boards at the entrance before your visit, as seasonal changes may affect access to certain museum zones.

A visit to the Old Summer Palace is perfectly complemented by exploring other iconic sites in the Haidian District. Nearby is the famous Summer Palace (Yiheyuan), which served as the imperial family's summer retreat and has been preserved in its original splendor. Exploring these two sites in one day allows for a striking contrast between restored grandeur and the evocative poetry of ruins.

Additionally, the capital's modern architectural landmarks are located nearby—the Beijing National Stadium, known as the "Bird's Nest," and the National Aquatics Center. This combination of ancient history and futuristic design will make your journey through Beijing exceptionally rich and diverse.